EEG‡ | EP | MCD | SvjO2 | PbtO2 | SctO2 (NIRS) | rCBF (TDP) | lCBF (LDF) | TCD | |
Intraoperative neuromonitoring | |||||||||
1. Neurosurgery | |||||||||
Invasive spine or spinal cord surgery | SEP/MEP | ||||||||
Deep or intermediate hypothermia for brain vascular neurosurgery | SEP/VEP AEP | ||||||||
Normothermic brain vascular neurosurgery | SEP/VEP AEP | ||||||||
Cortical brain tumour resection (meningioma and astrocytoma) | |||||||||
Posterior fossa surgery* | SEP/AEP | ||||||||
Epilepsy surgery** | |||||||||
Awake surgery*** | |||||||||
Optic nerve, hypothalamic, pituitary gland, and diaphragma sellae surgery**** | VEP | ||||||||
Surgical peripheral nerve release | SEP/MEP | ||||||||
2. Cardiac & vascular surgery | |||||||||
Normothermic thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic surgery | SEP/MEP | ||||||||
Normothermic cardiac or vascular surgery | |||||||||
Intermediate hypothermia for cardiac or vascular surgery | SEP/VEP | ||||||||
Deep hypothermia for cardiac or vascular surgery§ | SEP/VEP | ||||||||
Carotid endarterectomy | SEP/VEP | ||||||||
Intensive care unit | |||||||||
Post-anoxic coma | SEP/VEP SEP/AEP | ||||||||
Hypothermic coma | SEP/VEP SEP/AEP | ||||||||
Intoxication and poisoning | SEP/VEP SEP/AEP | ||||||||
Brain death | SEP/VEP SEP/AEP | ||||||||
Non-epileptic seizures | SEP/VEP | ||||||||
Status epilepticus | SEP/VEP | ||||||||
Subarachnoid haemorrhage | SEP/VEP SEP/AEP | ||||||||
Stroke (acute phase) | SEP/VEP SEP/AEP | ||||||||
Trauma brain injury | SEP/VEP SEP/AEP | ||||||||
Trauma spinal cord injury | SEP/MEP |